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============== 원문 ================ <font color=\"blue\"><b>Hereke는 이스탄불 근처의 Izmit 만의 북쪽끝에 위치한 아주 뛰어난 제직센터로 알려져있다. 수세기동안,램스 양모로 만들어진 수직카페트(hand knotted carpet)는 Hereke마을에서 생산되었었다. 오늘날, Hereke는 세게에서 가장 밀도가 높고 섬세한 수직카페트를 생산하는 곳으로 인식되어져있다. </b></font> (목차) 1)Hereke는 어디에 있나? 2)Hereke는 무엇을 뜻하는가? 3)Hereke carpet는 다른 carpet와 무엇이 다른가?? 4)Hereke carpet는 어떻게 만드는가? 5)How can I determine if a Hereke carpet is a genuine, handmade and produced in Turkey? 6)What is the difference between Turkey 러그와 Chinese 러그사이에는 무슨 차이가 있는가? 7)Turkish knot란 무엇인가? 8)Hereke carpet를 만드는 데 어떤 원료가 쓰이나? 9)What tools are used to make Hereke carpet를 만드는 데 사용하는 기구는 무엇이 있는가? 10)How is silk thread(실크 실)는 어떻게 생산되는가? 11)Hereke carpet에 쓰는 실크는 어디에서 갖고 오는가? 12)natural dye(천연염료)와 chemical dye(화학염료)는 어떻게 다른가? 13)How should I transport my carpet? 14)How should I store my carpet? 15)Is it better to fold or roll a carpet? 16)Hereke carpet는 어떻게 관리합니까? 17)How do I clean a spill from my carpet? 18)How often should my carpet be washed? 19)Where should I have my carpet washed? 20)Is it possible to repair a damaged carpet? 21)Where can I find Hereke carpets in the United States? 22)How should I display a silk rug? 23)How long does it take to make a Hereke carpet? 24)How many knots does it take to make a Hereke carpet? Hereke는 어디에 있나? Hereke마을은 Türkiye의 Istanbul동쪽 약 55 km 지점, Istanbul과 Izmit시의 중간정도, Marmara바다에 있는 Izmit만의 북쪽에 위치해있다. . Hereke는 무엇을 뜻하는 가? \"Hereke\"란 이름은 \"Herakles\" (Hercules;헤라클레스)에서 온 것이다. 고대시절부터 Hereke는 성(城)으로 잘 알려져 있었다. The archaeological ruins of Hereke castle remain. Hereke carpet는 다른 카페트와 무엇이 다를까? <font color=\"blue\">Hereke carpet가 다른 카페트보다 차별화되는 데는 몇가지 특징이 있다.</font> 1. <font color=\"blue\">원산지(Origin)</font> 진품 Hereke carpet는 오직 터어키에서만 만든다. 2. <font color=\"blue\">품질(Quality).</font> Hereke carpet는 세계에서 가장 섬세한 수직카페트로 인식되고 있다. 그렇게 된 주요한 이유는 ***진품 Hereke carpet는 100% handmade(수직)이라는 것과. ***Hereke carpet의 매듭의 정교도는 특급이라는 것이다. 3. <font color=\"blue\">기술(Technique).</font> Hereke carpet는 Turkish double knot(터어키 이중매듭)을 사용해서만 제직되어진다. Hereke carpet 생산에 있어서,직기의 준비는 다른 나라의 기술과는 다르다. 4. <font color=\"blue\">원료(Materials).</font> Bursa에서 가져온 최대한 섬세한 실크만이 Hereke silk carpet 생산에 쓰여지고 있다. How are Hereke carpets made? 헤레케카페트를 정말 진품인지?수직인지?터어키산인지? 어떻게 보증받나? Hereke Carpet Weavers Association에 의해서 Certificate of Authenticity 를 발행받은 Hereke carpet는 100% handmade Turkish Hereke product(100%헤레케 수직제품)로 보증된다.. <font color=\"blue\"><b>터어키 러그와 중국 러그의 차이점은 무엇인가?</b></font > The Ottoman Empire(오코만 제국)은 중국까지 확장을 못해서,중국에는 Hereke Imperial Factory가 전혀 없다. 중국의 모조품\"Hereke\" 러그는 진품인 Turkish Hereke carpet와는 전혀 다르다. 그 이유는 이 모조품들은 동일한 생산기술을 쓰지않기때문이며. 또한 진품 터어키 헤레케카페트가 쓰는 좋은 품질의 원자재를 쓰지않기때문이다. 가장 중요한 것은, Hereke Carpet Weavers Association 이 중국의 모조품을 100% 수직이라고 보증을 안해준다는 것이다. 헤레케카페트의 진품성은 헤레케에서만 가능하다. <font color=\"blue\"><b>터이키식 매듭은 무엇인가?</b></font> 수직카페트생산방식에는 2가지의 매듭방식이 쓰여지고 있다. 1)터어키식 매듭방식(The Turkish Knot), 또는 Gördes knot 또는 double knot 라고 한다. 2)페르샤매듭방식(The Persian Knot), 또는 Senneh knot 또는 single knot라고 한다. 터어키식 매듭방식은 대칭방식이다. 파일사로 각각 1개의 경사를 싸고 돌아 다음2번째의 경사를 싸고 안으로 뽑아내는 매듭방식이다. 페르샤 매듭방식은 비대칭적이다. 파일사가 1개의 경사를 안에서 밖으로 감아싸고 다음 경사를 안쪽으로 싸서 밖으로 끌어내는 방식이다. What materials are used to make Hereke carpets? Hereke silk carpets are made with 100% pure silk from Bursa. Hereke wool carpets are made with highest quality wool on cotton warps and wefts. What tools are used to make Hereke carpets? The primary tools used in making Hereke carpets are: The loom, a small knife for cutting each knot, special scissors for trimming the pile, and an iron comb. How is silk thread produced? Where does the silk used in Hereke carpets come from? Silk used in Hereke carpet production comes from Bursa, Türkiye. What are the differences between natural dyes and chemical dyes? Natural dyes and chemical dyes both perform the same function. Both types of dyes stain the fibers of the material through chemical reactions. Natural dyes are created using plants, minerals, or animal extracts to produce various colors. Natural dyes are generally not light-fast or water-fast. Over time, products made with natural dyes will fade or \"mellow,\" expecially when exposed to direct sunlight or ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It is impossible to create a dye which is completely impervious to radiation. Because the dyes are not completely fixed, natural dyes also tend to bleed or shift when wet, which can pose a problem, even with professional cleaning. Chemical dyes are man-made and are synthesized from chemicals. Chromium dyes are light-fast and water-fast. These dyes permit a wider range of colors and maintain uniformity from one dye batch to the next. Chromium dyes are safe to use on wool and silk and do not damage the natural fibers. The natural silk (or wool) fibers, made of proteins, retain the dye through hydrogen bonding between the polypeptide linkages and the dye. Chromium dyes have proven themselves over many decades of use and are the standard in handmade carpet production. How should I transport my carpet? Depending on the size of the carpet, there are several ways to transport or ship your purchase. Hereke silk carpets may be transported in tubular containers provided by Hereke Carpet Weavers Association members. These tubes are ideal for both transport and long-term storage. If you are travelling from Türkiye, most of our carpets can also be folded to fit inside your carry-on luggage. Large silk and wool carpet orders are normally wrapped in water-proof plastic containers, which are then be placed in sealed wooden crates. Shipments can be made worldwide via international courier (e.g. DHL, UPS, Fed-Ex) or air-freight. Contact us for large order shipment details. How should I store my carpet? Of course, the best way to store your carpet is to lay it flat. If this is not possible, you may also be roll the carpet in the direction of the pile. We provide storage tubes to protect your silk carpet while in storage or transport. For large carpets, you may fold the carpet: First, place the carpet with the reverse side facing up, Fold the carpet in thirds along its width (shorter edge). Then fold the carpet in half along its length (longer edge). Fold the carpet in half again along its length. The carpet should be very compact now and ready for storage or transport. The Textile Museum offers excellent advice for the archival storage and display of fine textiles. Is it better to fold or roll a carpet? Whether to fold or roll a carpet depends mainly on the size of the carpet and the quality of its construction. Properly rolling a carpet is generally recognized as the best method, but may not be practical in many cases. Hereke carpets are constructed using the Turkish double knot. Hereke carpets are very sturdy and may be folded or rolled without harming the carpet. How do I care for a Hereke carpet? How do I clean a spill from my carpet? How often should my carpet be washed? Hereke carpets should be professionally cleaned every 10 to 15 years, depending on conditions. Where should I have my carpet washed? Hereke carpets should only be washed by professional cleaners. Please contact us. Is it possible to repair a damaged carpet? Where can I find Hereke carpets in the United States? We can ship directly from Hereke worldwide. How should I display a silk rug? There are many ways to display your Hereke silk rug. Of course, a carpet may be displayed on the floor. You may also hang the rug for display on a wall. We offer a simple display system for hanging Hereke silk rugs. You may also place a rug over a table, underneath the glass of a coffee table, etc. Hereke silk carpets make a stunning display when placed in a lightbox with a flourescent or LED light source placed behind. The display options are only limited by your imagination. How long does it take to make a Hereke carpet? This depends on the size, material, and fineness of knotting. Please see below. How many knots does it take to make a Hereke carpet? The number of knots in a Hereke silk carpet is calculated according to the average number of knots in a square centimeter. The normal average number of square knots per centimeter for Hereke silk carpets is 10x10=100 knots/sq. cm. This means that there are 10 knots vertically (along the warp) and 10 knots horizontally (along the weft) for every centimeter. The fineness of knotting may be 12x12, 14x14, 20x20 or greater in fine Hereke silk carpets. The total number of knots can be calculated by first determining the total area of the rug. Multiply the width or the rug by the length (in centimeters), then multiply the average number of knots per square centimeter. A Hereke silk rug one square meter in area, with 100 knots per square centimeter will have 1,000,000 (one million) knots. A skilled weaver can produce a carpet with 1 million knots in about a year. The normal average number of knots in Hereke wool carpets is 60x60=3600 knots/sq. dm.